Arizonans across the state are facing rapidly declining groundwater. Many officials, lawmakers, residents, and conservation advocates say stemming the loss is urgent for communities—and wildlife, too. In 2025, the Arizona Department of Water Resources took an unprecedented step to declare the Willcox groundwater basin a new “active management area” (AMA) under a 1980 water law. The designation requires that large groundwater consumers in that part of Arizona report their use, prohibits drilling large new wells and the expansion of irrigated farmland, and sets goals to cut withdrawals over time.
Many now want to see that momentum spread statewide—which is not only crucial for communities, but also for birds and other wildlife, says Haley Paul, Arizona policy director for Audubon Southwest. Groundwater losses imperil the state’s few rivers and crucial pockets of riparian forest that many species, like Yellow Warblers and Western Tanagers, depend upon for insects, nesting sites, shade, and seeds. “These ribbons of green, these groundwater-fed ecosystems, are really, really important in an arid environment,” Paul says. Read more.
Groundwater sustains the flow of the San Pedro River, a habitat that supports nearly half of all avian species in North America at some point in their lives. Photo: Ash Ponders
This is a crucial moment in the Colorado River’s history—the rules governing how it is managed expire in 2026. The federal government, which operates the major dams and reservoirs on the Colorado River, initiated a process to revise these rules in 2022, and decision makers from the seven states that share the Colorado River water supply (Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming) have been deadlocked in negotiations ever since.
The central challenge is how to divide a water supply that simply has less to give. The good news is that solutions do exist that can help urban and rural communities thrive, provide greater opportunity for Tribes to benefit from their water rights, and maintain a healthier river.Read more. (en español)
Long-billed Curlews are one of the hundreds of bird species that rely on the Colorado River habitat. Photo: Elizabeth Yicheng-Shen/ Audubon Photography Awards