On January 23rd:

 1556  The Shaanxi Earthquake Devastates China, Claiming Hundreds of Thousands of Lives

On January 23rd, 1556, one of the deadliest earthquakes in recorded history struck Shaanxi, China. The catastrophic event had far-reaching consequences, claiming hundreds of thousands of lives.

 1849  Elizabeth Blackwell Becomes the First Woman in the United States to Receive a Medical Degree

A trailblazing moment in medical history occurred on January 23rd, 1849, as Elizabeth Blackwell became the first woman in the United States to receive a medical degree, paving the way for future generations of female physicians.

1964  The 24th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is Ratified, Abolishing Poll Taxes

On this day in 1964, the 24th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was ratified, prohibiting the imposition of poll taxes in federal elections. This was a significant step in advancing voting rights.