On January 7th:

 1610 Galileo Galilei Observes the Four Largest Moons of Jupiter

On January 7th, 1610, Galileo Galilei made a groundbreaking observation as he discovered the four largest moons of Jupiter, now known as the Galilean moons. This marked a significant advancement in our understanding of the solar system.

 1785  The First Balloon Flight Over the English Channel

A daring feat in aviation history took place on January 7th, 1785, when Frenchman Jean-Pierre Blanchard and American John Jeffries made the first successful balloon flight over the English Channel.

1789  The First American Presidential Election

January 7th, 1789, saw the inauguration of the first American presidential election, as electors cast their votes for George Washington. This event set the stage for the democratic traditions of the United States.